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Earle, M.
A Flexible body mass in social carnivores
1987  American Naturalist (129): 755-760

Increased hunting efficiency and the ability to pursue relatively large prey have generally been considered among the primary benefits of carnivore sociality. These advantages were documented by Caraco and Wolf and Nudds, who examined the interaction between hunting efficiency of foraging groups of different sizes and the energetic returns to individual hunters from various prey species. Recently, theoretical approaches using concepts such as inclusive fitness and evolutionarily stable strategies have been employed to investigate the factors affecting group size. Alternatively, perhaps there is a simple mechanistic explanation for the variation seen in the size of foraging groups of carnivores.

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