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van den Hoek, L.W.; Nagel, D.
The lion without a mane
2004  Cranium (21 ): 12-18

Cave drawings show that the Cave Lion (_Panthera spelaea_) did not possess a mane. Existing models related this to social structure, suggesting that prey density at the mammoth steppe was too low for large prides, which in turn resulted in a smaller mane in the males as there was a lesser need for dominance display. Recently a more straightforward model was proposed, relating the absence of mane to thermoregulation. The Ice Age was too cold to walk around with a fur collar.

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