IUCN / SSC Cat Specialist Group - Digital Cat Library |
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| Vandel, J.-M.; Stahl, P. | |
| Colonisation du massif Jurassien par le lynx (Lynx lynx) et impact sur les ongul‚s domestiques | |
| 1998 Gibier Faune Sauvage - Game and Wildlife (15): 1161-1169 | |
Colonisation of the Jura Mountains by the lynx (_Lynx lynx_) and its impact on domestic ungulates: From 1989 onwards, a network of lynx-specialised observers was set up in France by the Ministry of Environment in order (i) to expertise on lynx, _Lynx lynx_, damage to domestic animals, (ii) to settle compensation payments to farmers, and (iii) to collect data on the presence of the species for a permanent survey of its distribution. The first proof of presence of the lynx in the Jura mountains was recorded in 1974 The distribution area of the lynx increased from 1'000 km2 in 1974-1978 to nearly 8'000 km2 in 1989-1993. Nowadays, the area covers almost all the major forested areas of the Jura mountains. The first attack on sheep, _Ovis aries_, was recorded in 1984. From 1984 to 1996, a total of 928 attacks (confirmed or probable) were recorded. The number of attacks per year remained low until 1986, increased between 1987 and 1989, just after the colonisation of the lowest parts of the Jura mountains where sheep are more numerous. From 1991 onwards, the number of attacks stabilised at less than 100 attacks per year. The mean number of animals killed or wounded per confirmed attack was 1.7. Nearly 50% of the attacks were recorded in only ten different flocks (7% of the total number of flocks which were attacked). These high-damage areas covered 3% of the main range of lynx attacks estimated by the 90% minimum convex method (3'180 km2). These very local damage areas which often persisted for several years could have been the fact of very small number of lynx. The peak in the number of attacks is not a consequence of a dietary shift to domestic prey by the whole lynx population. |
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