Gaerdes J. 1974. Geparden in Suedwestafrika. Cheetahs in S.W. Africa. Newsletter S.W. Africa Scient. Soc. 14(11), 13-24.

Collection of cheetah observations in Namibia from newspapers.

Gaerdes_1974_Cheetahs_in_Southwest_Africa_-_Part2.pdf

Gaerdes J. 1974. Geparden in Suedwestafrika. Cheetahs in S.W. Africa. Newsletter S.W. Africa Scient. Soc.14(12), 25-31.

Records on cheetahs captured in Namibia. Some of them were shot by farmers, other used for export to zoos.

Gaerdes_1974_Cheetahs_in_Southwest_Africa_-_Part3.pdf

Gasperetti J, Harrisson DL, Buttiker W. 1985. The carnivore of Arabia: Cheetah. Fauna of Saudi Arabia 7, 435-436.

The cheetah Acinonyx jubatus venaticus is probably extinct in Arabia. The cheetah is briefly described. A distribution map present the locations of the last observations collected on the species in Arabia. It is specified that the cheetah is undoubtedly sensitive to human pressure because of its size and open area occupation.

Le guépard Acinonyx jubatus venaticus est probablement éteint en Arabie. Le guépard est brièvement décrit. Une carte de répartition présente les localisations des dernières observations répertoriées de l'espèce en Arabie. Il est précisé que le guépard est sans aucun doute sensible à la pression humaine de part sa taille et l'occupation du milieu ouvert.

Gasperetti_et_al_1985_Carnivora_of_Arabia_-_The_Cheetah.pdf

The taxonomic identity of each species of mammals that occurs in the Republic of Tunisia, North Africa has been determined to the subspecific level. History of names was followed and descriptions of types were studied to better provide opinions on the nomenclamre and minimize the confusion existing in the literature concerning the taxonomic identity of many Tunisian species. Keys to distinguish related taxa were constructed and maps depicting the distribution of species within the borders of Tunisia and in the whole North African region were drawn. These maps show original records obtained during this study as well records reported in the literature. Furthermore, the available natural history information on the Tunisian mammal fauna and background information on the vegetation, rainfall, topography, and land forms of the country were presented. Zoogeographical analyses of the mammalian faunal elements in Tunisia and the whole area were made. Two groups of bats were recognized. Bat fauna that invaded Tunisia from the north, and one that invaded from the south. Land mammals were in three groups: strictly Mediterranean zone, widely-distributed Mediterranean, and Saharan mammals. Species richness in quadrates 1° latimde X 1° longitude spanning Tunisia was discussed. The species richness provided evidence to areas of high biodiversity. Areas that deserve conservation are Djebel Zaghouan, Ghardimaou, Tamerza-Kasserine, and Dahar-Djeffara plain. Finally, conclusions and recommendations for future mammalian studies in the area were suggested.

Gharaibeh_1997_Mammals_of_Tunesia.pdf

Ghosh_2009_Evaluating_cheetah_reintroduction_into_Kuno_wildlife_sanctuary.pdf

Good KM, Houser A, Arntzen L, Turnbull PCB. 2007. Naturally acquired Anthrax antibodies in a cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) in Botswana. J. Wildl. Dis. 44, 721-723.

An outbreak of anthrax in the Jwana Game Reserve in Jwaneng, Botswana, was first observed when three cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) died of the disease in November 2004. In the aftermath of this event, banked serum samples collected from 23 wild-caught cheetahs were examined, by the inhibition enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), for antibodies to the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis. Of the 23 cheetahs, 16 regularly accessed the reserve. Antibodies to PA were detected in one cheetah collected in May 2004, indicating the disease was occurring well before it was first noticed. This appears to be the first demonstration of naturally acquired anthrax antibodies in cheetahs. The finding of one antibody-positive animal amongst at least 16 potentially exposed individuals is consistent with existing reports that it is uncommon for cheetahs to develop natural immunity to anthrax.

Good_et_al_2007_Anthrax_antibodies_in_a_cheetah_in_Botswana.pdf

Gorburov AV, Ishador N, Lukerevsky VS, Sheherbina EI. 1995. Cheetah, Felis libyca, Hyaena, Leopard, F. chaus, F. lynx, F. caracal, F. manul, F. margarita, tiger, bear. In Kucherku VV, editor. Mammals of Turkmenistan, Vol. 1 (Carnivora, Pinnipedia, Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla). Ylym: Ashgabat.

The section on Carnivora in Turkmenistan summarizes also the knowledge on the cat species. For cheetahs, the former range has been reconstructed and cheetah records for different time periods durin the 20^th century are presented in a map. The species last occurred in Badkhyz and the Ustyur Plateau. Cheetahs went extinct in Turkmenistan during the 1970s. In Russian.

Gorburov_et_al_1995_Felidae_of_Turkmenistan.pdf

Gosselin SJ, Tarr MJ, Balistreri WF, Kramer LW, Setchell KDR, Johnston OJ, Dresser BL. 1986. Dietary considerations in the pathogenesis of hepatic vascular lesions in captive cheetah. In Journal of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians. Abstract.

The livers of more than 100 cheetah from zoos throughout North America were evaluated by light microscopy, histochemistry and electron microscopy. While estrogens can explain some hepatic function abnormalities, they did not appear to be the major cause of this hepatic vascular lesion.

Gosselin_et_al_1986_Pathogenesis_of_hepatic_vascular_lesions_in_cheetah.pdf

Gosselin SJ, Loudy DL, Tarr MJ, Balistreri WF, Setchell KDR, Johnston OJ, Kramer LW, Dresser BL. 1988. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver in captive cheetah. Vet Pathol 25, 48-57.

Liver tissues from 126 captive cheetah were evaluated by light microscopy and histochemistry; eight animals were evaluated by electron microscopy. The main hepatic lesion. a vascular lesion resembling veno-occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver and characterized by subendothelial fibrosis and proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells in the central veins, was seen in 60% of the sexually mature cheetah. Although this hepatic vascular lesion was seen in cheetah as young as 1 year of age, the most severe lesions; usually associated with liver failure, were found in cheetah between the ages of 6 and 11. There was no sex predisposition, and in approximately 40% of the VOD cases; liver disease was not suspected clinically or at necropsy. VOD was found in other felidae, especially in the snow leopard. High levels of vitamin A  in livers, as well as in diets of the cheetah could be a contributing factor in the development of VOD in some groups of cheetah.

Gosselin_et_al_1988_VOD_in_captive_cheetah.pdf

Gosselin SJ, Setchell KDR, Harrington GW, Welsh MB, Pylypiw H, Kozeniauskas R, Dollard D, Tarr MJ, Dresser BL. 1989. Nutritional considerations in the pathogenesis of hepatic veno-occlusive disease in captive cheetahs. Zoo Biology 8, 339-347.

Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver has been diagnosed in a large number of captive cheetahs. Some ingredients or contaminants present in the diet were suspected as possible causes for this non-infectious disease with high incidence. Eight different diets fed to cheetahs kept in North American zoos were analyzed for vitamin A levels and the presence or absence of plant estrogens, nitrosamines, nitrites, and aflatoxins. Three of the eight diets were considered to contain toxic amounts of vitamin A. In humans and rats, hypervitaminosis A has been associated with hepatic vascular lesions, mainly perisinusoidal fibrosis, which progress eventually to occlusive lesions similar to VOD. Plant estrogens were detected in appreciable amounts only in one of the exotic carnivore diets. The role of plant estrogens in the pathogenesis of VOD in captive cheetahs is not clear at this time and needs further investigation. Based on the liver pathology and diet analyses, nitrosamines or their dietary precursor and aflatoxins can be excluded as possible causes of VOD in cheetahs kept in North American zoos.

Gosselin_et_al_1989_Diet_and_VOD_in_cheetahs.pdf

During a five months stay in Namibia, we helped with the completion of CCF's education centre consisting of the History of the Cheetah, Biology of the Cheetah, Ecology of Namibia's Cheetah Habitat; and the Future of the Cheetah.

Gottelli_et_al_2007_Promiscuity_among_cheetah_females.pdf

Grams K, 2005. An African opportunity with Cheetah Conservation Fund Namibia and Kenya. Animal Keeper's Forum, 7/8, 398-404

During a five months stay in Namibia, we helped with the completion of CCF's education centre consisting of the History of the Cheetah, Biology of the Cheetah, Ecology of Namibia's Cheetah Habitat; and the Future of the Cheetah.

Grams_2005_CCF_Namibia_and_Kenya.pdf

Grant K. 2005. Hand-rearing cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) cubs: milk additives. Animal Keeper's Forum, 7/8, 316-318

The maternal milk composition of many wild animals is considerably lower in carbohydrates (lactose) than that found in the domestic counterparts. Milk powders manufactured for domestic animals are generally used as the base ingredient of milk formulas used in zoos and wildlife rehabilitation centers. Many times the milk formula provided contains a higher level of lactose than is found in the maternal milk. Mammals that do not have the lactose enzyme, lactase, have difficulty breaking down the milk sugar for digestion. The undigested particles ferment in the small intestine and allow for the proliferation of potentially pathogenic bacteria. The result is diarrhea and, in severe cases, enteritis.

Grant_2005_Hand-rearing_cheetah_cubs_milk_additive.pdf

Grant K. 2005. Hand-rearing cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) cubs: milk formulas. Animal Keeper's Forum, 7/8, 294-302.

Artificial milk formulas manufactured for domestic kittens have traditionally been used as the handrearing milk formula for captive wild felids. This paper will compare the differences between the composition of cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) maternal milk and that of the domestic cat. The differences are significant, especially regarding the carbohydrate (lactose) content. As a result, using a milk formula designed for domestic kittens does not closely match the composition of cheetah milk. However, modifications to kitten milk formulas may provide a more nutritionally balanced diet for cheetah cubs and contribute to increased growth rates and decreased incidence of digestive disorders.

Grant_2005_Hand-rearing_cheetah_cubs_milk_formula.pdf

Grant,K. 2005. Hand-rearing cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) cubs: weaning diet. Animal Keeper's Forum, 7/8, 349-353

There are many different viewpoints regarding when and how to initiate the weaning process in exotic felids. The Felid TAG recommends adding chicken or turkey baby food to the milk formula at four weeks of age with small felids. Various zoo facilities recommend weaning when the cubsshow interest in solid food. Gittleman and Oftedal (1987) indicated cheetahs first consumed solid food at 33 days of age and weighed 1.94 kg (4.27 lbs.) As the cubs begin consuming solid foods in a measurable amount, the volume of formula can be reduced proportionately. Many times cubs will take the bottle at some feedings but refuse it at others. Eliminating specific feedings rather than reducing the volume at each feeding allow the cubs to get hungry enough to explore other food options available, such as a bowl of meat.

Grant_2005_Hand-rearing_cheetah_cubs_weaning_diet.pdf

Green AA. 1986. Status of large mammals of northern Saudi Arabia. Mammalia 50, 483-494.

The cheetah is extinct in the Arabian Peninsula. The last observations or presence indices date from 1935 (on the north side of Jebel Tubayq) and from 1949 (Kuwait). It has probably disappeared from Saudi Arabia about 1950. The major causes of disappearance or decrease of the desert fauna are over hunting and habitat loss, related to fire arms and motor vehicles.

Le guépard est éteint dans la péninsule arabe. Les dernières observations ou indices de présence datent de 1935 (côté nord de Jebel Tubayq) et de 1949 (Koweït). Il a probablement disparu d'Arabie Saoudite vers 1950. Les causes principales de disparition ou de réduction de la faune du désert sont la chasse à outrance et la perte de l'habitat, liés à l'apparition des armes à feu et des véhicules motorisés.

Green_1986_Status_of_large_mammals_of_northern_Saudi_Arabia.pdf

Green A.A. 1979. Density estimate of the larger mammals of Arli National Park, Upper Volta. Mammalila 43, 59-70.

In the Arli National Park, Upper Volta, the cheetah has been found in moderate number as the spotted hyena or the leopard.

Dans le Parc National d'Arli en Haute-Volta, le guépard a été trouvé en nombre modéré au même titre que la hyène tachetée ou le léopard.

Green_1979_Larger_Mammals_of_Arli_NP_Brukina_Faso.pdf ?????

Grettenberger J. 1984. W National Park in Niger - a case for urgent assistance. Oryx 18, 230-236.

The cheetah is cited among the species needing a particular care because of their scarcity or number diminution. The species is scarce because of over hunting and lack of suitable open habitat. Several observations were made each year and their number was estimated to 3 or 4 pairs. The accent is made on the necessity to struggle against poaching and the ways to insure its efficiency, the illegal pasture and the fire, the problems related to water, the lack of adequate transport and tourist activity development.

Le guépard est cité parmi les espèces qui méritent une attention particulière en raison de leur rareté ou de la diminution de leur effectif. L'espèce est rare en raison d'une chasse irraisonnée et du manque d'habitat ouvert. Plusieurs observations sont faites chaque année et l'on estime leur nombre à trois ou quatre couples. L'accent est mis sur la nécessité de lutter contre le braconnage et les moyens à mettre en œuvre pour assurer son efficacité, le pâturage illégal et les feux, les problèmes liés à l'eau, au réseau routier et au développement de l'activité touristique.

Grettenberger_1984_W_National_Park_in_Niger_needs_assistance.pdf

Grisham,J.1986. Tabulation of survey. Report

Letter of J.Grisham to the Cheetah SSP committee members with some cheetah hand-rearing protocols.

Grisham_1986_Tabulation_of_survey.pdf

Grisham J. 1996. North American Cheetah SSP 1996 Master Plan: Report, 5pp.

The goals of the Cheetah SSP are to maintain a genetic reservoir for the wild population, to promote educational programs both in America and in situ, to promote conservation of the species in situ through CCF in Namibia and other wildlife organizations and to promote research on this species. In January 1996, the cheetah population in North American facilities was 306 animals. The current master plan covers a period of 2 years and will then be reviewed.

Grisham_1996_North_American_Cheetah_SSP_1996_Master_Plan.pdf

Grisham J. 1997. North American species survival plan for cheetah Acinonyx jubatus. Int. Zoo Yb. 35, 66-70.

The goals of the Cheetah SSP are to maintain a genetic reservoir for the wild population, to promote educational programs both in America and in situ, to promote conservation of the species in situ through CCF in Namibia and other wildlife organizations and to promote research on this species. In January 1996, the cheetah population in North American facilities was 306 animals. The current master plan covers a period of 2 years and will then be reviewed.

Grisham_1997_North_American_species_survival_plan_for_cheetah.pdf

Grisham J, Killmar L. 1997. Species survival plan (SSP) surveillance of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in cheetahs Acinonyx jubatus in North America. Int. Zoo Yb. 35, 71-73.

In 1995 the North American Species Survival Plan for Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus held a workshop on feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) to discuss the information currently available on the disease and the possible effects on the captive population of cheetah. FIV was first documented in 1986 in domestic cats and since then it has been reported in 16 non-domestic species. This paper highlights the protocols and recommendations concerning FIV that have been made by the SSP.

Grisham_&_Killmar_1997_Cheetah_North_American_SSP_and_FIV.pdf

Gros PM. Status of the Cheetah in eastern & southern Africa. Magazine article, 4-5.

A two and a half years survey of cheetah's populations in southern Africa shows three principal trends: in relatively large countries, findings suggests a stability of the cheetah's status stable cheetah populations (Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana); in countries where cheetah distribution is limited to small patches, the species range shrank (Uganda, Malawi); and, in the last group of countries, conflicts between cheetahs and commercial ranches posed poses a serious threat on to the species survival (Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa).

Gros_-_Status_of_cheetah_in_eastern_and_southern_Africa.pdf

Gros PM, Caro TM. Hunting as a tool for conserving cheetahs in Namibia?  Report, 9 pp.

Trophy hunting was legalized in Namibia in 1992, and now the Republic of Namibia and Safari Club International are petitioning the US Fish and Wildlife Service to down-list the cheetah in order authorize the import of hunted trophies into the US. The petition's rationale is that Namibia's cheetah population is the largest and healthiest in Africa, that it is stable, and that assigning a monetary value to cheetahs through hunting would encourage farmers to conserve the species on their land. How does these claims stand up to scrutiny?

Gros_&_Caro_-_Hunting_as_a_tool_for_conserving_cheetahs_in_Namibia.pdf

Gros PM. 1990. Global cheetah project Phase 1 - Cheetah status in southern Africa. Report 11 pp.

The aim of the Global Cheetah Project is to assess the cheetah's status all over its range and to propose a plan for the conservation of the species, including technical solutions to be used. During the phase I of the project, five southern African countries have been surveyed, in a five months period: Malawi, Botswana, South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe. The survey has covered the geographical location of populations and their size, and the identification of the threats. The survey was done through a questionnaire.

Gros_1990_Evaluation_of_the_status_of_cheetah_-_English.pdf

Gros PM. 1991. Worldwide survey of the status of cheetahs living in the wild. Cheetah News 3, 7.

Survey of the status of cheetahs living in five southern Africa's countries show that habitat destruction, disappearance of prey and direct killing are the principal threats.

Gros_1991_Worldwide_survey_of_the_status_of_cheetahs.pdf

Gros PM. 1996. Status of the cheetah in Malawi. Nyala 19, 33-36.

This study showed that, by 1989, the only resident cheetah population in Malawi occurred in Kasungu National Park. However, transient cheetahs, most likely coming from Zambia, occasionally visited Nyika National Park and Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve. According to these results, it is critical for the long term survival of the species in Malawi to allow for cheetah movements between the three protected areas currently occupied or visited by cheetahs and the Luangwa Valley in Zambia.

Gros_1996_Status_of_cheetah_in_Malawi.pdf

Gros PM, Kelly MJ, Caro TM. 1996. Estimating carnivore densities for conservation purposes: indirect methods compared to baseline demographic data. Oikos 77, 197-206.

Using the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus as a model, we compared predictions from four indirect methods of estimating carnivore densities to estimates of density derived from baseline demographic data collected during behavioural ecological studies in three national parks of East Africa. Interviewing people locally was the most accurate indirect method and produced estimates representing 75 to 100% of reference densities. Regressing cheetah biomass against prey biomass further underestimated reference densities. Using an average cheetah density derived from assumed densities in 13 African protected areas, and modeling cheetah densities from home range and demographic data were the least accurate approaches. When indirect methods were compared to each other across ten study areas in East Africa, we found that interview and prey biomass methods estimates were significantly correlated, and that prey biomass and home range models produced significantly different outcomes. After discussing strengths and weaknesses of the methods, we outline the conditions under which each may provide valid results. Our findings highlight the importance of calibrating indirect methods of estimating carnivore densities, and demonstrate the difficulties that conservation planners face in integrating density estimates derived from different methods when devising conservation strategies.

Gros_et_al_1996_Estimating_carnivore_densities_for_conservation_purposes.pdf

Gros PM. 1998. Status of the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus in Kenya: a field-interview assessment. Biol Conserv 85, 137-149.

A field-interview survey of the distribution and abundance of the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus was conducted in Kenya between May and September 1989, and June and August 1990. Two hundred and twenty respondents ranging from wildlife conservationists to traditional pastoralists gave precise descriptions of cheetah observations, including dates and locations of sightings, and number, age class, and sex of the cheetahs observed. The 369 detailed sightings collected consisted of 249 observations of all-adult groups and 120 observations of family groups. The average number of adults in all-adult sightings was 1·8 + SE 0·07, and the average litter size in family groups was 2·6 + SE 0·10. Density estimates across the country ranged from 0·009 to 0·102 cheetah km^-2, and were generally higher than elsewhere in Africa. A total number of 793 cheetahs was estimated in Kenya protected areas, and Masailand and the dry northern Districts appear to offer the best prospects for cheetah conservation in Kenya based on relative prey availability. The proportion of family groups among all sightings was twice as high in protected areas as on rangelands, and protected areas also held larger groups of males. The results do not support the thesis that cheetahs fare better on rangelands than in protected areas. Comparison with earlier surveys in Kenya showed remarkable stability in cheetah distribution and social structure over time. No firm conclusion could be drawn on trends in cheetah numbers, although scattered evidence supported a scenario of stability rather than decline in the last decades. Despite their limitations, interview based surveys can produce valuable results for monitoring elusive high-profile carnivores.

Gros_1998_Status_of_cheetah_in_Kenya.pdf

Gros PM, Rejmanek M. 1999. Status and habitat preferences of Uganda cheetahs: an attempt to predict carnivore occurrence based on vegetation structure. Biodiversity and Conservation 8,1561-1583.

In this paper we examine whether the occurrence of cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) in Uganda can be predicted from habitat characteristics extracted from a vegetation map. We first established the status of the cheetah in Uganda through field-interviews that Gros conducted in 1990. Cheetahs occurred almost exclusively in the Karamoja region where we estimated 53-310 individuals. Based on 216 sightings, the average number of adults in all-adults sightings was 1.65 + SD 0.95 and the average number of cubs in family groups 2.5 + SD 1.65. Compared to Graham and Parker's 1965 East African survey, average adult group size was slightly smaller in 1990 and large family groups were rarer. Comparison with Gros 1990 survey showed considerably lower cub-to-adult ratio and percent of observations with cubs in Uganda than in Kenya. A Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis of vegetation structure in areas where cheetahs were observed and in those where none were reported suggested that cheetahs might favor habitats with 25-50% woody cover and grasses of medium height (50-100 cm). A discriminant analysis correctly classified 72.1% of used habitats and 70.4% of no-report habitats. A logistic regression analysis improved the correct allocation of used habitats by 2.2%. Either the discriminant function or the logistic regression, which require only four easily obtainable vegetation characteristics, may help to pinpoint suitable cheetah habitats for conservation purposes. Our approach could be adapted for analyzing habitat suitability for other species of carnivores.

Gros_&_Rejmanek_1999_Status_and_habitat_preferences_of_Uganda_cheetahs.pdf

Gros PM. 2000. Status of the cheetah in Tanzania in the mid 1990's. Journal of East African Natural History 89, 85-100.

This paper presents the results of a field interview survey and a literature review of the status of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) in Tanzania. The survey was conducted between September 1993 and May 1994. The presence of cheetahs was documented in 30 areas (seven national parks, Ngorongoro Conservation Area, six game reserves, 13 game controlled areas, and 3 open areas), where a minimum of 366 cheetahs was estimated based on the sightings collected. In each of the 30 areas, cheetah status was evaluated in terms of distribution, frequency of observation, relative abundance, perceived trends in total numbers, and, where possible, minimum density estimates. The densities estimated, ranging from 1 cheetah per 40 km2 to 11925 km2, were lower than the average density in Africa. Estimators of abundance, frequency of observations, and trends tended to indicate a better cheetah status in the northern acacia savannas than in the southern miombo savannas. Family groups and large groups of adults where common in the north, while sightings of lone adults predominated in the south. Recommendations for the conservation of cheetahs in Tanzania include: starting a nationwide monitoring of populations using this study as a blueprint and its results as a baseline; maintaining spatial connections between currently established cheetah populations; and favouring semi-nomadic pastoralism over farming and intensive ranching on rangelands.

Gros_2000_Status_of_the_cheetah_in_Tanzania.pdf

Gros PM. 2002. The status and conservation of the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus in Tanzania. Biol Conserv 106, 177-185.

This is the first assessment of the status of cheetahs, Acinonyx jubatus, in Tanzania since 1965. It completes a series of recent studies in Kenya, Uganda, and Malawi to provide an overall understanding of the species' status in East Africa. Interviews with 370 informants yielded 1050 cheetah sightings. Eighty nine percent of all sightings were made in 1990-1994, and 39% of all sightings occurred in protected areas. All-adult groups contained 1.92±0.04 S.D. individuals; the average number of dependent cubs was 2.63±0.08 S.D.; and the cub-to-adult ratio was 0.34. Since the 1960s, the distribution has remained stable overall with possible reductions in central Tanzania. No definite population trends were detected. With an estimated 569-1007 cheetahs, Tanzania emerges as a sanctuary for the species worldwide. However rangelands, which may hold half of Tanzania's cheetahs, are undergoing rapid degradation. This precarious situation calls for the establishment of a nationwide monitoring program. Distribution map and population sizes from this study could serve as a baseline for monitoring the species' status.

Gros_2002_Cheetah_in_Tanzania.pdf

Groves CP. 1987. Report on visit to Protected Areas in Iran United Nations Development Programme; 12 pp.

This mission report in Islamic republic of Iran presents some brief reports about the visit of seven protected areas. It indicates that in the Shiraz Province, during the visit of the Bahram-e-Gour Protected Area and National Park, the author came across Asian cheetah tracks and faeces. According their guide there are 10 to 20 Asian cheetahs in the protected area. Unfortunately in this area, there is some serious poaching problem. A study on Asian cheetah is advised by the author to take part to the fieldwork of the College of Natural Resources at Karaj.

Le rapport de mission en République islamique d'Iran présente de brefs rapports de visite de sept zones protégées. Il indique que dans la province de Shiraz, lors de la visite du parc national et de la zone protégée de Bahram-e-Gour, l'auteur a croisé les traces et des fèces du guépard d'Asie. Selon, leur guide, il y a entre 10 et 20 guépard dans la zone protégé. Malheureusement dans cette zone, il y a de sérieux problèmes de braconnage. Une étude sur le guépard d'Asie est recommandée par l'auteur comme travail de terrain au Collège des Ressources Naturelles de Karaj.

Groves_1987_Protected_areas_in_Iran.pdf

Guggisberg CAW. 1975. Cheetah, Hunting Leopard - Wild Cats of the World. In Guggisberg CAW (ed). Wild Cats of the World. David & Charles, Newton Abbot, London; pp. 266-289.

In a revised edition of Sterndale's book, published in 1929, Frank Finn pointed out that the cheetahs used for hunting by Indian princes were now all imported from Africa. He quoted Colonel J.C. Founthorpe as stating: "There is no doubt that the cheetah is now very rare… A few survive in the Berar districts of the Central Province…" The book chapter describes historical information on cheetahs and their significance in Europe in historic times. Besides taxonomy and morphology, information on status and distribution in different regions, observations on hunting behavior, and reproduction and mortality are given.

Guggisberg_1975_Wild_Cats_Cheetah_266_-_289.pdf

Gusset M, Swarner MJ, Mponwanek L, Keletiele K, McNutt JW. 2009. Human–wildlife conflict in northern Botswana: livestock predation by Endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus and other carnivores. Oryx 43, 67-72.

We conducted a questionnaire survey among 77 cattle posts and farms to investigate human-carnivore conflicts in northern Botswana, with a particular focus on Endangered African wild dog Lycaon pictus, persecuted throughout their shrinking range in sub-Saharan Africa for allegedly predating livestock. Predator attacks on livestock (n=938 conflict reports) represent an economic concern for livestock owners, particularly alleged predation by black-backed jackal Canis mesomelas, which were blamed for 77% of all reported livestock losses. The presence of two known resident packs of wild dogs did not result in corresponding conflict reports with livestock owners, as wild dogs accounted for only 2% of reported predator attacks and largely subsisted on wild prey. Nevertheless, most of these wild dogs were killed in the months following this survey. Reported conflicts involving the two largest predator species (lion Panthera leo and spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta) declined with increasing distance from protected areas. Leaving livestock unattended during the day seems to facilitate predation but kraaling livestock at night reduces predation. Compensation payments for livestock losses did not demonstrably change livestock owners' willingness to coexist with predators. Our results corroborate studies from elsewhere that simple improvements in livestock husbandry practices would help mitigate human-carnivore conflicts.

Gusset_et_al_2009_Human-wildlife_conflict_in_nothern_Botswana.pdf